Section+5-2+Democracy+and+Greece's+Golden+Age

Section 5-3: Deomcracy and Greece's Golden Age

direct democracy- a type of government where citizens rule directly. classical art- the art of ancient Greece and Rome in which harmony order and proportion were emphasized. tragedy- a series of drama about common themes. comedy- contained scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor. Peloponnesian War- a war between Sparta and Athens in which Sparta won. philosophers- great thinkers. Socrates- a Greek philosopher Plato- a Greek philosopher pupil of Socrates Aristotle- a Greek philosophers
 * Bold:**

Perticles- helped during golden age. Socrates Plato Aristotle
 * Key People:**

Sparta and Athens had a war Sparta won.
 * Key Ideas/ Events:**

- Athens few in intellectual and artistic learning they called this time the Golden Age. During this age drama sculpture powdery philosophy architecture and science all reached new heights.
 * Setting the Stage:**

- a man who was the ruler during the golden age had three plans to strengthen athenian democracy, to hold and strengthen the empire and glorify Athens.
 * Pericles' Plan for Athens:**

- to strengthen democracy he had more publi officials who got paid helped poor become not poor. - direct democracy was left behind when pericles left.
 * Stonger Democracy:**

- the Athenian empire ruled the Delian League the money got frothy went o make the Athiab army the strongest. - the strength of the army let Pericles threaten other members of the league but some place formed alliances and resisted.
 * Athenian Empire:**

- money fromthe Delian League also went to making Athens beautiful. Some of the money was also used to by gold ivory marble. The league did not agree to this.
 * Glorufying Athens:**

- Pericles' goal was to make Athens very beautiful and one of the best sculptures was the Parthenon.
 * Glorious Arts and Architecture:**

- the Parthenon is a building made in a tradition style built to honor tw goddess of wisdom, Athena. - other sculpture made during the golden age we're made to create figures that were graceful, strong an perfectly formed.
 * Architecture and Sculpture:**

- drama was used as an art and built the first theaters in the West.
 * Drama and History:**

- two types of dramas were writes. Tragedy and comedy. Tragedy was about common themes such as love hate war or betrayal. Maine character or tragic hero - there were three notable dramatists in acient Greece who wrote tragedys. Aeschylus wrote more than 80 plays. He wrote one about a commander who fought the Troy an commande the Greeks. There was Sophocles who wrote more than 100 plays. And then there was Euripides he often had strong women in his works. - there was also comedy that ahead crude humor an slapstick situations. They usually made fun of politicians or respected people at the time. Aristophanes wrote the first good comedy's.
 * Tragedy and Comedy:**

- Herodotus made a accurrate way of recording records.
 * History:**

- as Athens grew other places saw it as hostility. Sparta and Athens grew a strong hate for eachother so they went to war.
 * Athenians and Spartans Go to War:**

- when the war started Athebs had a stronger navy. Sparta had a stronger army an it's position meant they were well protected from the seas. Athens tried to avila land battle with Spartans and to battle at sea. - Spartans went to Athenian land and burnt their food supplies but the city was fine asking as Athenian ships could sail into port from foreign states. - during the second year of the was a plague killed Beatty 1/3 of the athenian population including pericles.
 * Peloponnesian War:**

- athenians attack an ally of Sparta, Sicily try send 20,000 soldiers ad lost the battle. Athens fended off spartan attacks for another 9 years.
 * Sparta Gains Victory:**

- Athenians lost confidence in democratic government. Greek thinkers emerged. - philosophers unexpired belief and ideas about justice and other traditional values.
 * Philosophers Search for Truth:**

- didn't beleive in absolute standards for truth or justice. - he was brought to trial for corrupting the youth of Athens an neglecting city gods. He was sentenced to death.
 * Socrates:**

- a student of Socrates he wrote down the conversations of Socrates.
 * Plato:**

-Questioned nature at the world human belief thought and knowledge. His work provided the basic work of the scientific method. - Alexander was a famous pupil of Aristotle. Aristotle tutored him.
 * Aristotle:**